Pancreatitis is a serious disease of the pancreas, characterized by a violation of the production of digestive enzymes. The main symptoms of the disease are pain after eating in the left or right hypochondrium, heartburn, nausea, vomiting and discomfort in the stomach.
Strict adherence to dietary guidelines is the key to the treatment of pancreatitis. After all, the development of the disease often occurs due to improper lifestyle, the consumption of alcohol and "junk food" in large quantities.
Pancreatitis Diet helps patients reduce pain during disease exacerbation and add stage of remission. In acute and chronic pancreatitis, nutrition is different, but it still has some similarities. Let's talk about it.
General nutritional rules for pancreatitis
The main requirement of the diet is to increase the amount of protein consumed and reduce the fat and carbohydrate from the main diet (if possible, they should be eliminated completely). Above all, you must give up the consumption of granulated sugar, because it contains 99% carbohydrates.
Fatty meals high in coarse fiber should completely disappear from the lives of patients with pancreatitis. After all, they put a heavy load on the pancreas, as a result of which the organ begins to produce a very large amount of digestive enzymes, which is dangerous in this disease and can lead to serious complications.
Doctors recommend that all patients with pancreatitis take vitamin complexes which will help fill the vitamin and mineral deficit in the body, often resulting from limited nutrition.
Meals must be scheduled at the same time.
Eat 5-6 times in small portions a day to avoid excessive stress on the pancreas and overeating.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
Usually, acute pancreatitis is manifested by sudden, sharp pain in the pit of the stomach. The pain is unbearable and therefore forces a person to call an emergency ambulance. The diet for acute pancreatitis before the doctor arrives is "zero". Under no circumstances should you eat food. Neither "light" nor "heavy".
Before the arrival of the doctor, it is allowed to take non-carbonated mineral water, but no more than 3 glasses. And it is allowed to drink them only if the urination process proceeds normally.
Treatment for acute pancreatitis occurs only in a hospital setting. Fasting is prescribed for the first two days. Only now it is allowed to drink rosehip broth with mineral water. The total amount of fluid consumed should not exceed 5 glasses per day.
On the third day of treatment, the patient is allowed to eat fresh, low-calorie food, which does not contain substances that cause irritation of the pancreas and increase the secretion produced.
After the main symptoms resolve, the pancreatic pancreatitis diet is continued for one to two months. During this period, you must completely give up:
- fried and fatty foods;
- muffins and pastries;
- pickles and smoked foods;
- pickles and preserves;
- spicy and sweet;
- onions and garlic;
- alcoholic beverages;
- fatty meat and fish;
- sausages.
All food products must be heat treated. They should be boiled in water or steamed. Do not use oil, salt and spices while cooking.
The patient can only eat hot, grated food. Before going to bed, it is recommended to use laxative dairy products - kefir, fermented baked milk.
Duration of the regime from 6 to 12 months. And it is how a person will adhere to it that will depend on their health in the future. If all nutritional recommendations are not followed, the disease can take a chronic form, and the patient will need to be treated for life.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis in remission
The chronic pancreatitis diet is slightly different from the above diet. In this case, the patient's diet develops significantly, but only in the phase of remission. During the period of exacerbation, the diet is of a completely different nature, but more about it later.
In chronic pancreatitis, the consumption of protein is allowed, which should be almost several times the daily intake of a person, and the use of carbohydrates (sugar, honey, baked goods, pastry, etc. . ) is also allowed.
Foods that irritate the pancreas (hot spices, large amounts of salt, alcohol, etc. ) are the limitation.
The patient's nutrition should also be fractionated. The number of meals is 4-6 times. The food served must be hot. You don't need to grind the food before you take it.
Meat and fish products should not contain a lot of fat, otherwise it can cause liver degeneration, which happens quite often in chronic pancreatitis. Cottage cheese contains many useful substances, so it simply needs to be present in the patient's diet. However, you can only eat homemade cottage cheese, but not very fatty. Cottage cheese store is prohibited from eating.
If a person can not refuse bread, it is recommended that he eat yesterday's pastries or crackers (only from gray or black bread) during meals. You can also eat baked goods and pastries, but in limited quantities (no more than one serving per day).
In case of pancreatitis, it is not recommended to drink milk in its pure form, as it is poorly digested. It can be added to teas or made into cereals and soups. Even if the patient tolerates milk well, it should not be drunk in large quantities. The maximum dose is 200 ml.
Fermented milk products are very helpful for people with chronic pancreatitis. Even cheese, which in other stages of the disease is on the list of prohibited foods, can be eaten in remission, but not in large quantities and provided that you are feeling well. The cheese should not be very salty or fatty.
Eggs cannot be eaten whole. Only egg white can be present in the patient's diet. It can be used to steam omelets or add them to soups.
The patient's diet should not contain a lot of fat (no more than 70 g per day). Plus, most of them should be made from vegetable fats. They are better digested and do not weigh down the pancreas.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis during an exacerbation
The diet for pancreatic pancreatitis during an exacerbation is the same as for an acute form of the disease. The patient is prescribed fasting, and with the onset of positive dynamics, he is allowed to eat fresh, low-fat food in small amounts.
If no deterioration in the state of health is observed, the patient's menu gradually expands. After 2-3 months, the person can eat in the same way as in the remission phase.
Remember, this is just a rough diet for pancreatitis. A complete list of permitted and prohibited products should be verified with your physician. Only he can compose the right diet, taking into account your state of health.